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Author(s). (Date). Book title. Publisher.
Example:
Long, S. P., & Mason, C. F. (1983). Saltmarsh ecology. Blackie.
Chapter Author(s). (Date). Chapter title. In Editor Names (Eds.), Book title. (edition, page numbers). Publisher.
Example:
Cardille, J. A., & Jackson, M. M. (2017). Citizen science for assessing landscape change. In S. E. Gergel & M. G. Turner, (Eds.), Learning landscape ecology: a practical guide to concepts and techniques. (2nd ed., pp. 41-42). Springer.
Author(s). (Date). Article title. Journal title, Volume, Pages.
Example:
Sinha, E., Michalak, A. M., & Balaji, V. (2017). Eutrophication will increase during the 21st century as a result of precipitation changes. Science, 357(6349), 405-408.
Author(s). (Date). Journal title. Journal, Volume, Pages. DOI:
Example:
Woolway, E. E., & Goodenough, A. E. (2017). Effects of visitor numbers on captive European red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) and impacts on visitor experience. Zoo Biology, 36(2), 112-119. https://doi.org/10.1002/zoo.21357
Author. (Date). Website Title. Site name. URL
Example:
Gepford, K. (2024, February 20). The remote island where giant tortoises clear runways for albatrosses. BBC. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20240220-the-giant-tortoises-boosting-biodiversity-in-the-galpagos
Webpage on a website with a retrieval date.
When contents of a page are designed to change over time but are not archived, include a retrieval date in the reference.
Example:
U.S. Census Bureau. (n.d.). U.S. and world population clock. U.S. Department of Commerce. Retrieved February 23, 2024, from https://www.census.gov/popclock/
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association by Organize your citations!
Author(s). Year. Book title. City of publication (State): Publisher.
Example:
Long SP, Mason CF. 1983. Saltmarsh ecology. New York (NY): Blackie.
Note: Total page numbers are optional. If you want to add them, add at the very end after the publisher. Ex. Blackie. 160 p.
Author(s). Year. Chapter title. In: Editor(s). Book title. Edition. City of Publication (State): Publisher. Page numbers.
Example:
Cardille JA, Jackson MM. 2017. Citizen science for assessing landscape change. In: Gergel SE, Turner MG, editors. Learning landscape ecology: a practical guide to concepts and techniques. 2nd ed. New York (NY): Springer. p. 41-42.
Author(s). Year. Article title. Journal title Volume (Issue): Pages.
Example:
Singha E, Michalak AM, Balaji V. 2017. Eutrophication will increase during the 21st century as a result of precipitation changes. Science 357(6349):405-408.
Author(s). Year. Article title. Journal title [accessed Date]; Volume(Issue):Pages. URL. DOI: .
Example:
Woolway, EE, Goodenough, AE. 2017. Effects of visitor numbers on captive European red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) and impacts on visitor experience. Zoo Biology [accessed 2017 Aug 8]; 36(2):112-119. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zoo.21357/epdf. doi: 10.1002/zoo.21357.
Website without page date
Author(s). cDate. Page title [Internet]. City (State): Website Name; [accessed Date]. Available from URL.
Example:
Maine Rivers Projects. c2017. China Lake Alewife Restoration Initiative [Internet]. Yarmouth (ME): Maine Rivers; [accessed 2017 Aug 8]. Available from http://mainerivers.org/projects/china-lake-outlet-stream-restoration/.
Website with page date
Page title [Internet]. [updated Date]. Website Name; [cited Date]. Available from URL
Example:
Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) [Internet]. [updated 2016 May 19]. USGS National Wildlife Health Center; [cited 2017 Aug 8]. Available from https://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/disease_information/chronic_wasting_disease/
Scientific Style and Format by Organize your citations!